超温报警啦之 ② 冗余是什么？

歪说歪有李

对于实验室，冰箱是个标准的B类系统。
对于监控的EMS是个3类或者4类系统（看您的可配置能力）
对于个人，我就想它和它给我的信息是真是的，及时的倒是次要目标。
对于单体设备的频繁报警，咋个研究？
对于尔滨，这个季节终于不用再考虑备用机组的问题，一个天然大冰箱。
对于冷库，那个冗余，如果当初设计的时候考虑一下，是否需要全冗余还是变频冗余……

1.1                  Cold Rooms 冷库冷藏室

Cold rooms are typicallyused for the storage of material within a qualifiedrange of 2℃ to 8℃ [3]. Cold rooms should be equipped with a dedicatedrefrigeration compressor/condensing unit. The air-cooled condensing unit isusually located outside, for example, on the roof of the building. Buildingsafety construction codes provide instructions and limitations when chillersare located indoorsin mechanical rooms.Consider specifying redundant components (condensing units, compressors, etc.). Cold roomsmay be provided with redundant condensing systems, each capable of handling thetotal system load.

冷藏室通常用于储存2℃到8℃[3]的合格范围内的材料。冷藏室应配备专用制冷压缩机/冷凝机组。风冷冷凝机组通常位于室外，例如在建筑物的屋顶上。当冷却器位于室内机械室内时，建筑安全建筑规范提供了说明和限制。考虑指定冗余部件(冷凝机组、压缩机等)。冷藏室可以配备冗余的冷凝系统，每个系统都能处理系统的总负荷。

Thereis a risk that water condensation may form on internal surfaces from the effectof air entering when the door is open. The level of risk is influenced by theamplitude of absolute humidity difference across the door and therefore, by the thermo-hygrometric conditions ofthe environment used to access to the cold room. In this case, the cold roomcould have, for example, a desiccant dehumidifier (usually based on a silicagel absorption process), or a low RelativeHumidity (RH) airlock at the entry.

当门打开时，由于空气的影响，内部表面可能会形成水凝结的风险。风险水平受门两侧绝对湿度差的幅度影响，因此也受进入冷房间时环境的热湿测量条件影响。在这种情况下，寒冷的房间可能有，例如，干燥剂除湿器(通常基于硅胶吸收工艺)，或在入口处有一个低相对湿度(RH)气闸。

Walk-in cold rooms may be prefabricated, metal-clad structures with an insulatedfloor, walls, door, and roof panels,furnished and installed as self-contained units. These may include all essential refrigeration equipment, controls, air circulation, and other equipmentnecessary to reach the specified environmental conditions.

步入式冷藏室可以是预制的金属包层结构，具有绝缘的地板、墙壁、门和屋顶板，作为独立的单元布置和安装。这些可能包括所有必要的制冷设备、控制装置、空气循环和其他达到规定环境条件所必需的设备。

The interiorof the system should be constructed of materials that are easily wiped down, will not shed, and areresistant to the cleaning chemicals used.

系统的内部应该由易于擦拭的材料构成，不会脱落，并且对使用的清洁化学品有抵抗力。

Depending how low the required temperature is inside the cold room and its location in the building(near exterior walls, slab ongrade, adjacent to a walk-in freezer or walk-in incubator), the floor couldrange from an insulated concrete slab with urethane cement-based coating, with no slip, no porous properties to a floorwith an insulation panel like the other fivesides and a vapor barrier. Theflooring could be required also to withstand loads of pallet traffic andportable cages.

根据冷藏室内所需的温度有多低，以及冷藏室在建筑物中的位置（靠近外墙、平铺板、靠近步入式冷冻室或步入式恒温箱），地板的范围可以从涂有聚氨酯水泥涂层的隔热混凝土板到像其他五面一样涂有隔热板和蒸汽屏障的地板。地板还可以要求承受托盘运输和便携式笼子的负荷。

The totalthickness of the cold room floor couldbe an issue when revamping existing plants sinceaccess ramps may be needed. To mitigate this,solutions are available based on the use of high-density microporous insulationsealed under vacuum with optimized thermal performance, thus reducing thethickness of the floor required.

在改造现有工厂时，冷室地板的总厚度可能是一个问题，因为可能需要入口坡道。为了缓解这一问题，可以使用高密度微孔隔热材料，在真空下密封，优化热性能，从而减少所需地板的厚度。

The water permeability of the floor and risk of frost heave under the floor can be solved by proper ventilation with heat using a lowvoltage electrical mat. A better option is to have a thinventilation cavity (empty space) by PVC profiles or equivalent open to the coldroom sides.

地板的透水性和地板下的冻胀风险可以通过使用低压电垫进行适当的加热通风来解决。更好的选择是使用PVC型材或同等材料向冷房间两侧开放一个薄的通风腔（空腔）。

For negativetemperature applications, to prevent the door sealsfrom freezing due to air leaks from the externalside, consider electrical tracing or equivalent methods.

对于负温度应用，为了防止门封因外部空气泄漏而冻结，请考虑电伴热或等效方法。

Coldroom control systems usually consist of a local Programmable Logic Controller(PLC) to monitor and control the temperature within the cold room. Within the main chamber, the temperature may be measuredby temperature sensors placedin different locations. One sensor should be routed to the main controller forcontrolling interior temperature. The secondsensor should be connected to a monitoring system for temperature trending and alarms; for larger units there may bemultiple monitoring sensors.

冷室控制系统通常由本地可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）组成，用于监测和控制冷室内的温度。在主腔内，温度可以通过放置在不同位置的温度传感器来测量。一个传感器应该路由到主控制器来控制内部温度。第二个传感器应连接到温度趋势和报警监控系统；对于较大的装置，可能有多个监测传感器。

Redundancy of temperature devicesmay be considered.

可考虑温度装置的冗余。

1.2                  Stability Chambers,Incubators/Incubator Shakers 稳定性箱，培养箱，摇床培养箱

Stabilitychambers are designed to maintain a stable environment for incubating materialsor holding samples by controlling air temperature near to ambient or warmerthan ambient conditions [3, 4]. These may include cultures for microorganisms or cell cultureand hybridization in production or quality controllaboratories. The incubator may accommodate cell culture vessels from small tissue cultureflasks to roller bottles and small spinner flasks.

稳定性箱的设计目的是通过控制空气温度接近环境温度或高于环境温度来维持一个稳定的环境，用于孵育材料或保存样品[3,4]。这些可能包括生产或质量控制实验室的微生物培养或细胞培养和杂交。培养箱可以容纳从小型组织培养瓶到滚轮瓶和小型旋转瓶的细胞培养容器。

A localcontroller should controlsystem operation for process parameters such as temperature, humidity, and CO2. Incubator shakers can alsocontrol shaker speed.

本地控制器应控制系统运行的工艺参数，如温度、湿度和二氧化碳。孵化器摇床也可以控制摇床速度。

The technology adopted to obtainthe heat transfer(refrigeration cycle, Peltiereffect) will influence the temperature mapping criteria to adopt.

获得传热所采用的技术（制冷循环、帕尔贴效应）将影响所采用的温度分布准则。

胜利者

一套不行还有另一套
一人不在线还有另一人

swlc1983

有一套实时在线的备胎

aguai

一个冷库内设置两套制冷机组互为备机。启停温度设置一度温差

xqliu

学习了，谢谢提供分享。